The battleship USS Louisiana

I have a good photograph of the pre-dreadnought battleship USS Louisiana. The photograph was taken in 1911, after the Louisiana was modernized with cage masts and painted gray:

I tried a Springsharp design, as well, to see how well Springsharp handled this sort of ship. I found that Springsharp assumed machinery that was too heavy. I had to lighten the machinery to obtain a satisfactory design (Springhsharp reports don't work well with this blog template):

USS Louisiana, United States Battleship laid down 1906 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
 13,558 t light; 14,464 t standard; 16,167 t normal; 17,529 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
 (459.00 ft / 450.00 ft) x 76.83 ft x (24.50 / 26.27 ft)
 (139.90 m / 137.16 m) x 23.42 m  x (7.47 / 8.01 m)

Armament:
      4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 120 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model
   2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      8 - 8.00" / 203 mm 45.0 cal guns - 250.00lbs / 113.40kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model
   4 x Twin mounts on sides amidships
      12 - 7.00" / 178 mm 45.0 cal guns - 165.00lbs / 74.84kg shells, 150 per gun
   Breech loading guns in casemate mounts, 1906 Model
   12 x Single mounts on sides amidships
  12 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      20 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 50.0 cal guns - 14.29lbs / 6.48kg shells, 150 per gun
   Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1906 Model
   20 x Single mounts on sides amidships
  6 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      Weight of broadside 7,666 lbs / 3,477 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:  Width (max) Length (avg)  Height (avg)
 Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
 Ends: 7.00" / 178 mm 200.00 ft / 60.96 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
 Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
   Main Belt covers 85 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
  2.00" / 51 mm 250.00 ft / 76.20 m 24.50 ft / 7.47 m

   - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
 Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 8.00" / 203 mm  10.0" / 254 mm
 2nd: 6.00" / 152 mm 6.00" / 152 mm  6.00" / 152 mm
 3rd: 7.00" / 178 mm 7.00" / 178 mm  7.00" / 178 mm
 4th: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm  4.00" / 102 mm

   - Protected deck - single deck: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks
 Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm  Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 9.00" / 229 mm,  Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
 Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
 Direct drive, 2 shafts, 14,768 ihp / 11,017 Kw = 18.00 kts
 Range 4,800nm at 14.00 kts
 Bunker at max displacement = 3,065 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
 716 - 931

Cost:
 £1.266 million / $5.065 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
 Armament: 1,448 tons, 9.0 %
 Armour: 6,244 tons, 38.6 %
    - Belts: 2,202 tons, 13.6 %
    - Torpedo bulkhead: 453 tons, 2.8 %
    - Armament: 1,959 tons, 12.1 %
    - Armour Deck: 1,506 tons, 9.3 %
    - Conning Tower: 124 tons, 0.8 %
 Machinery: 1,136 tons, 7.0 %
 Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,731 tons, 29.3 %
 Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,609 tons, 16.1 %
 Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
 Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
   29,601 lbs / 13,427 Kg = 34.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 5.3 torpedoes
 Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.27
 Metacentric height 5.2 ft / 1.6 m
 Roll period: 14.2 seconds
 Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 96 %
   - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.78
 Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.93

Hull form characteristics:
 Hull has a flush deck,
   a ram bow and a cruiser stern
 Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.668 / 0.675
 Length to Beam Ratio: 5.86 : 1
 'Natural speed' for length: 21.21 kts
 Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
 Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4.00 degrees
 Stern overhang: -3.00 ft / -0.91 m
 Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
    Fore end,  Aft end
    - Forecastle: 20.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Forward deck: 30.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Aft deck: 35.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Quarter deck: 15.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
    - Average freeboard:  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
 Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
 Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 81.3 %
  - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 143.3 %
 Waterplane Area: 26,924 Square feet or 2,501 Square metres
 Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 %
 Structure weight / hull surface area: 140 lbs/sq ft or 684 Kg/sq metre
 Hull strength (Relative):
  - Cross-sectional: 0.92
  - Longitudinal: 2.17
  - Overall: 1.00
 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
 Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
 Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
 Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather